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Jerusalem - From wikipedia

 

 

Jerusalem (/dʒəˈruːsələm/; Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם  Yerushaláyim; Arabic: القُدس‎  al-Quds),[i] located on a plateau in the Judean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea, is one of the oldest cities in the world. It is considered holy to the three major Abrahamic religions—Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Israelis and Palestinians both claim Jerusalem as their capital, as Israel maintains its primary governmental institutions there and the State of Palestine ultimately foresees it as its seat of power; however, neither claim is widely recognized internationally.

During its long history, Jerusalem has been destroyed at least twice, besieged 23 times, attacked 52 times, and captured and recaptured 44 times.[2] The oldest part of the city was settled in the 4th millennium BCE.[3] In 1538, walls were built around Jerusalem under Suleiman the Magnificent. Today those walls define the Old City, which has been traditionally divided into four quarters—known since the early 19th century as the Armenian, Christian, Jewish, and Muslim Quarters.[4] The Old City became a World Heritage site in 1981, and is on the List of World Heritage in Danger.[5] Modern Jerusalem has grown far beyond the Old City's boundaries.